Clinical and hematological profile of sickle cell disorder patients in a tertiary care hospital of Central India

Abstract

Sickle cell anemia is the best known hereditary blood disorder; there are serious complications associated with the condition. It is an autosomal recessive genetically transmitted hemo-globinopathy responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality. Vaso-occlusive pain episodes are one of the predominant clinical features associated with sickle cell anemia. The study was conducted to study clinical and hematological profile of sickle cell disorder patients of Lata Mangeshkar hospital. Blood was collected in EDTA test tube and hematological indices were measured by C.B. Counter machine along with blood smear examination and confirmed by sickling method and electrophoresis test. Out of total 110 cases, 13 (11.81%) and 97(88.18%) cases were of sickle cell disease (SS) and sickle cell trait (AS) respectively. Females were more affected. Hematological profile showed decreased values of Hb%, Hematocrit (HCT), Red Blood Cell (RBC) count, Mean Corpuscle Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscle Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) and raised values of Red blood cell distribution width (RDW).Platelet count, Mean Corpuscle Volume (MCV), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV) was found to be normal. Peripheral smear showed anisopoikilocytosis (60%) and hypochromic cells (74.54%). Approximately half of the patients reported weakness and fatigue.