Outcomes of additional local antibiotic to local analgesic and vasodilator in acute anal fissure - A randomized controlled study

Abstract

Background: Acute anal fissure is a common and painful condition of ano-rectal region characterized by tear in the anoderm causing pain during defecation. Mainstay of its treatment is pharmacotherapy with lifestyle modification.
Objective: Current study was undertaken to evaluate the role of add-on local antimicrobial in recovery and relief of symptoms of acute anal fissure in comparison to local anesthetic and vasodilator without any antimicrobial.
Materials and Methods: It was a randomized, assessor-blinded, active-controlled clinical study in which data of 68 eligible participants were analyzed. Participants of both group received local lignocaine and nifedipine and the test group (Group B) received metronidazole ointment in addition. Healing was assessed by clinical examination and pain by Numeric Pain Rating Scale. Sample size was calculated based upon result of older pilot study and the proportion of recovery were assessed by Chi-square test.